A 12-string guitar is a type of acoustic or electric guitar with twelve strings in six courses. The most common type of 12-string guitar is the steel-stringed acoustic guitar, which typically has its strings tuned to E3, A3, D4, G4, B3 and E4 from low to high pitch respectively. Some popular models of this type include the Gibson J-45 and Fender Tim Armstrong Hellcat 12 string guitars. Electric 12 string guitars are also widely available; notable models include the Rickenbacker 360/12 and Gretsch G6122 Chet Atkins Country Gentleman.
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History of the 12-String Guitar
The history of the 12-string guitar dates back to the mid-19th century when steel strings became widely available. This paved the way for musicians around the world to experiment with different tuning arrangements, resulting in the 12-string guitar becoming a popular choice among players. The first instrument known as a “12-string guitar” was created by Christian Frederick Martin in 1854, and its popularity quickly spread throughout Europe and North America.
In terms of sound, a 12-string guitar produces a fuller and richer tone than traditional 6 string guitars due to its increased number of strings. Players use this unique timbre to their advantage while creating complex layers of music; allowing them to stand out from other instrumentalists. Some musicians take advantage of how string pairs are tuned an octave apart from each other – enabling them to create distinctive arpeggiated riffs or melodies.
In recent years, 12-string guitars have been used in countless genres such as folk rock, country blues and alternative rock. It is no surprise that many renowned artists have taken up this instrument over time; some famous names include Neil Young, Bob Dylan and Pete Seeger. Today the 12-string guitar continues to be used for various styles ranging from classic rock hits to contemporary tunes – making it one of the most versatile instruments on stage today.
Different Types of 12-String Guitars
The 12-string guitar has been a popular instrument since the mid-1800s and comes in many different styles. Acoustic guitars are the most common type of 12-string guitars, with variations that include classical, flamenco, dreadnought and jumbo body sizes. These models typically have a rounded back and feature a combination of spruce and mahogany construction for enhanced tonal quality.
Electric 12-string guitars offer another option for guitarists seeking a unique sound. Characterized by their chimey tone, these instruments often have solid bodies paired with humbucker pickups to provide clarity while playing lead lines or rhythm patterns. High output models may also be available which offer additional gain suitable for heavier genres such as hard rock or metal.
A less well known style is the resonator 12 string guitar which features a metallic cone to project its sound more clearly than traditional acoustic versions. This allows players to project their music further without amplification compared to other types of guitars. Resonator guitars usually sport either single coil or humbucker pickups and may come with vintage inspired cosmetics such as ‘F’ holes cut into the top of the body or intricate fretboard inlays depending on model specifications.
Famous Musicians who Played 12-String Guitars
Throughout the 20th century, 12-string guitars were a mainstay of popular music. The sound of the twelve strings was often used to create rich and nuanced layers in various genres ranging from country to rock & roll. Although it has evolved over time, many prominent musicians have embraced this instrument with enthusiasm.
Johnny Cash is perhaps one of the most notable figures to have made extensive use of a 12-string guitar in his songs. His signature “boom-chicka” sound on tracks like “Folsom Prison Blues” and “Big River” was due largely to its unique twangy tones created by his six stringed companion. He even famously stated that he preferred playing the 12-string because it allowed him to add more “finesse” into his performance.
Another iconic musician who employed the power of the 12-string guitar was folk singer Peter Paul & Mary’s Peter Yarrow. Many fans will remember his iconic rendition of Bob Dylan’s “Blowin’ In The Wind” where he combined both electric and acoustic guitars together for a particularly powerful effect in certain parts of the song. His knack for creating intricate melodies while utilizing alternating tunings such as drop D or open G is what set him apart from other contemporary players at the time.
American rock pioneer Neil Young has been known to utilize this special type of guitar throughout his entire career including some live performances with Crosby Stills Nash & Young back in 1970s where they played their classic hit “Ohio” among others. Heavily influenced by blues and folk music, NeilYoung infuses traditional sounds with modern day distortion effects, making it instantly recognizable when listening through speakers today.
Unique Features and Sound of a 12-String Guitar
A 12-string guitar is a unique instrument that produces an unmistakable sound. It is composed of twelve strings tuned in courses of two, which can produce a clear and complex tone. The top four courses are tuned in octaves, while the remaining eight strings are unison pairs. This creates a fuller, richer sound with more sustain than other types of guitars.
The most common tuning for a 12-string guitar is EADGBEADGCF or something similar; however some players prefer to tune their instruments differently depending on the desired effect. Different tunings can be used to create specific chord voicings or melodies in certain keys. This allows for more creativity and expression when playing this type of guitar as compared to traditional six string models.
When strummed lightly, 12-string guitars have an airy shimmering sound due to the additional strings vibrating simultaneously with each note played. As notes become louder and heavier, the sounds blend together to create harmonic overtones that are rich and full bodied – perfect for accompaniment or solo work alike. Players who want greater versatility from their 12-string will often utilize special finger picking techniques such as “rolls” to bring out even more unique tones from their instrument.
Maintenance and Care for a 12-String Guitar
A 12-string guitar requires a bit more maintenance than its six-stringed counterparts. When it comes to stringing, the strings will need to be adjusted more frequently due to the additional tension. It is also important to be sure that you keep up with proper tuning of your instrument. If left for too long without being tuned or adjusted, this can cause premature damage and wear on the strings and bridge.
It’s important to regularly clean and polish your 12-string guitar after playing it, as dirt, sweat and oils from hands can build up on its finish over time. A soft cloth should be used for wiping down all parts of the guitar body and neck before storing it away; additionally, make sure there are no spills in order to protect any woodworking or electronics within the instrument. An occasional application of lemon oil can help bring out a beautiful luster while providing extra protection against dirt accumulation.
For safe storage between practice sessions, try getting a hardshell case specifically designed for housing 12-string guitars. This will provide ample padding against knocks or drops and also prevent environmental humidity changes from damaging the wood components of your beloved instrument – meaning you’ll have many happy music hours ahead.
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